Preciezere veldbewerking door robot-tractor

De zelfsturende tractor vindt zijn eigen weg zowel op een harde als een natte ondergrond.

Velen van ons kijken al reikhalzend uit naar het in gebruik nemen van de autonome auto’s om ons te bevrijden van het dagelijks rijden van en naar werk. Dit soort technologie heeft echter ook toepassingen buiten de rijbaan, vooral in gebieden zoals de landbouw, waar het rijden het werk zelf is… en het is niet op de verharde oppervlakken met markeringen en borden. Omgaan met de ongelijke en inconsistente terrein van een veld brengt unieke problemen met zich mee die een team aan de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) en Flanders ‘Mechatronics Technology Centre (FMTC) in België beweren te hebben overwonnen met hun zelfsturende autonome tractor.

De tractor leert de bodemkarakteristieken aan en regelt op basis hiervan zijn snelheid en stuurhoek. Zo kan zonder tussenkomst van een bestuurder een gewenst traject zeer nauwkeurig afgelegd worden.

Om hun tractor navigatiesysteem te ontwikkelen heeft het team eerst lineaire aandrijvingen aangebracht om het gaspedaal in te drukken en te sturen. Vervolgens werd de tractor uitgebreid met een computer en verschillende extra sensoren zoals een GPS-systeem.

Het ontwikkelde stuursysteem van de veldrobot analyseert de terreinomstandigheden en maakt schattingen van de verwachte wielslip. Op basis van een model van de tractor berekent het systeem de optimale snelheid en draaicirkel in real-time. “Deze ‘slimme sturing’ zorgt voor precisie tot op de centimeter”, zegt Gregory Pinte, van FMTC.

Door landbouwmachines autonoom te laten rondrijden, kunnen de steeds toenemende operatorkosten aanzienlijk worden gereduceerd. Daarbovenop wordt ook de afregeling van de sturing bij wijzigende bodemcondities overbodig door het zelflerende gedrag van de robot, beweert het team.

Een demonstratie van een autonome zelfsturende tractor

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Preciezere veldbewerking door robot-tractor

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